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Exclusive: the science papers that patents cite the most

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Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Half a century ago, biochemists Georges Köhler and César Milstein kicked off a revolution in medicine.

Why it matters

Understanding which research papers shape patent landscapes reveals how public science fuels commercial innovation.