Japan moves to cull bears as rural depopulation fuels human attacks
A surge in bear attacks linked to shrinking rural populations has prompted Japan to shift from protection to culling, with targets set for 2026 and 2030.
Japan's dwindling countryside and expanding forests have led to a record number of bear attacks, prompting a policy reversal from protection to active population control. Officials recorded 238 incidents in fiscal 2025, including 13 deaths, and have set culling targets for 2026 with long-term reduction goals by 2030 across Tohoku, Chubu and Kanto. A nationwide bear census launched in June uses camera traps and bait to identify individuals by distinctive markings.
The Environment Ministry also introduced zoning guidelines that allow local authorities to eliminate problem bears while preserving core habitats. Experts argue that the issue reflects deeper rural depopulation and labor shortages, calling for integrated land-use planning beyond wildlife management.
Why it matters
Rising bear attacks highlight how Japan's aging, shrinking rural communities are reshaping wildlife policy and public safety.
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