Tibetans Keep Their Language Alive Amid China’s New Ethnic Unity Law

China’s new “ethnic unity” law, enforced on July 1, requires Mandarin as the dominant language in schools and government bodies and criminalizes actions deemed separatist. The measure has drawn international criticism for threatening minority cultures, particularly in Tibet, where the law aligns with the 75th-year commemoration of Beijing’s “peaceful liberation.” Despite official narratives emphasizing unity and improved education, Tibetans such as retired nurse Kalsang Lhamo are learning Tibetan calligraphy at elder-care centers, while youths like Qongqiu Quco speak the language at home and in religious settings.

State-run tours for foreign media, including one outlet, were closely monitored, and prominent officials like Wang Huning called for stability and adherence to the law. Scholars note the legislation codifies a trend of reduced language rights already evident in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, while the government promotes selective cultural elements for tourism. The situation underscores a tension between Beijing’s integration agenda and the desire of Tibetans to preserve their linguistic and cultural heritage.