China walks a diplomatic tightrope with Gulf nations amid Iran conflict

China’s energy needs drive a delicate diplomatic strategy that seeks to keep good relations with Gulf states without aligning with either side of the Iran conflict. The Saudi-owned magazine Al Majalla notes that Beijing’s dependence on Gulf crude, including supplies from Iran, forces it to practice fence-sitting to protect oil flows. Meanwhile, the Iran-backed Houthis in Yemen pose a risk to maritime traffic through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, prompting China to back Yemen’s internationally recognized government and stage naval exercises from its nearby base in Djibouti.

Despite these moves, weapons containing Chinese components have found their way into Houthi hands. In response, Chinese officials are reportedly pressuring Tehran to restrain the Houthis, a step intended to reassure Gulf partners of Beijing’s reliability as the US seeks greater influence in the region.