Dutch blood study shows widespread PFAS exposure but slight decline in levels

In a 2025 blood-donor survey, the RIVM reported that virtually every Dutch resident had measurable PFAS in their bloodstream, but the share surpassing the recommended safety limit dropped compared with a 2016-2017 investigation. The average PFAS load also fell, which the institute attributes to recent restrictions on PFOS and PFOA. While the exact health risks are still unclear, PFAS are known to affect immune function, thyroid health, and newborn birth weight.

Regional analysis highlighted especially high PFHpS levels in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, likely due to nearby industrial discharges into the Westerschelde. Researchers call for broader European bans, noting that environmental PFAS levels have not declined and continue to re-enter the food chain.