Penguin experts warn climate change and bird flu threaten species, call for action

The 12th International Penguin Conference convened on Phillip Island, home to the world’s largest little-penguin colony, where scientists presented evidence that climate change and the recent H5 bird-flu outbreak are intensifying threats to the birds. Speakers noted that warming seas and rapidly disappearing ice shelves disrupt feeding, breeding and chick-rearing, while the flu adds another stressor. In response, they issued a call for decisive conservation action, emphasizing sustainable fisheries, predator management, protected feeding and breeding sites, and sustained monitoring.

Over 1,500 penguins have already been vaccinated as part of a government plan to inoculate 5,000 birds across Phillip Island and St Kilda. Researchers also discussed employing artificial intelligence and drone technology, including thermal imaging, to map underground colonies and expand surveillance coverage. The conference stressed the need for global collaboration, drawing on experiences from South America, South Africa and Antarctica.