Russia shifts to faster jet-powered drones as Ukraine adapts its defenses

Russia’s drone programme, originally built around inexpensive Shahed-derived Geran-2 models, has moved toward jet-powered versions such as the Geran-3 and the more advanced Geran-4, which feature turbojet engines and reinforced airframes to sustain speeds over 200 mph and sprint capabilities beyond 300 mph. These upgrades increase the difficulty for Ukrainian defenders, whose current mix of surface-to-air missiles, machine-gun fire and low-cost FPV interceptors was able to down roughly 92 % of earlier drones.

The faster drones shrink the window for detection and engagement, limiting the effectiveness of handheld weapons and slower interceptors. In response, Ukraine has begun fielding jet-driven counter-drones that can reach 400 mph, aiming to restore the balance. Russian sources say they intend for jet-powered units to comprise half of future Geran output, and a new Geran-5 model, resembling a cruise missile, has been observed with a reported range of 600 miles and speeds of 300-400 mph, though its production is expected to be limited.