Scientists discover Great Lakes sturgeon may live up to four centuries, reshaping conservation plans

A study using more than 40 years of recapture records shows that lake sturgeon in the Great Lakes may live for 200 to 400 years, far exceeding earlier estimates of 150 years. Scientists calculated growth rates between captures and modeled the time needed to reach adult size, revealing some fish age at a fraction of a centimetre per year. This unexpected longevity forces a reassessment of Canada’s century-long recovery plan, which was designed to outlive the individuals it aims to protect.

Biologists note that sturgeon play a key role in limiting invasive quagga mussels and gobies, meaning their loss has reshaped the food web. Indigenous communities, such as Nipissing First Nation, view the ancient fish as cultural elders, underscoring both ecological and spiritual importance. Ongoing efforts include training First Nations groups to raise and release sturgeon to bolster populations across the basin.