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Singapore condemns Indonesian official's claim that its forests supply Singapore's oxygen

Singapore's security minister K Shanmugam criticised an Indonesian official for saying Singapore’s oxygen comes from Indonesia’s forests, calling the remark disappointing amid worsening haze.

Singapore’s Coordinating Minister for National Security and Home Affairs K Shanmugam expressed disappointment over remarks by Indonesian Government Communications Agency head Syahbanda Nainggolan, who suggested Singapore’s oxygen originates from Indonesia’s forests. Shanmugam rejected the narrative, attributing the transboundary haze to illegal corporate fires in Indonesia that also affect Indonesians themselves. He warned that Singapore will pursue every legal and regulatory tool against pulpwood companies identified by the National Environment Agency, which has issued notices to ten firms.

While condemning the comment, Shanmugam welcomed President Prabowo’s decision to replace the disaster mitigation chief and his crackdown on peatland slash-and-burn. He also noted Indonesia’s acceptance of foreign assistance to fight the fires and said the issue should not strain bilateral ties.

Why it matters

The dispute highlights regional tensions over haze pollution and Singapore's intent to hold polluters legally accountable.

How this story developed

  1. Sep 28 Civil groups sue Indonesian government over West Kalimantan fire negligence
  2. Oct 1 President Prabowo Subianto has named Arrmanatha Nasir, known as Tata, to replace Sugiono as foreign minister amid a broader cabinet reshuffle.
  3. Oct 4 Arrmanatha Nasir was sworn in as foreign minister.
  4. Oct 8 Prime Minister Anwar said the worsening haze is a serious health risk and has asked President Prabowo to take action, while Malaysia ramps up cloud seeding.
  5. Oct 10 The class‑action suit moved to a hearing in Pontianak, where no defendants were present.
  6. Oct 15 The government, led by Sustainability and Environment Minister Grace Fu, is gathering evidence and keeping legal options open as PSI levels in western Singapore entered the very unhealthy range. The 2014 law allows fines up to S$100,000 per day, capped at S$2 million, for companies whose fires produce prolonged haze. Enforcement has been challenging, with limited data from Indonesian authorities and four firms still under investigation. Fu also urged Indonesia to curb the fires and called for ASEAN cooperation.
  7. Oct 16 President Prabowo appointed army general Kristomei Sianturi to lead BNPB.
  8. Oct 16 Indonesia formally accepted regional assistance and technical talks on its implementation are underway.
  9. Oct 16 Legal notices were served on seven Indonesian firms for their role in the haze.
  10. Oct 19 Student Alliance of Gadjah Mada University addressed ASEAN Secretary‑General urging scrutiny of Indonesia’s compliance and acceptance of regional firefighting support.
  11. Oct 19 Malaysia specified that it will provide three helicopters and 52 firefighters to support Indonesia’s fire‑fighting efforts.

In this story

transboundary hazeoxygen commentforest fireslegal actionpulpwood firmsslash-and-burnPraboworegional pollution
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