States urged to pave the way for expanded nuclear power projects

Projected electricity needs could surge by more than 55% by 2050, while coal capacity is slated to disappear, leaving a large gap in the U.S. power mix. Nuclear power already supplies roughly 20% of electricity, but only two new reactors have been built in recent decades. Although the Nuclear Regulatory Commission controls most commercial nuclear activities, recent federal legislation and executive actions have begun to ease restrictions.

States can still play a decisive role by stripping away policies that favor other fuels, streamlining permitting, designating ready-made sites—such as former coal plants or industrial parks—and aligning timelines with federal reviews. Additional steps include creating a single nuclear-permitting office, integrating power and industrial approvals, and bolstering vocational and university programs to supply a skilled workforce. Finally, states may pursue expanded authority under the Agreement State framework, as seen in recent legislative moves in Florida and lawsuits from Utah and Texas.