Thailand permits Myanmar refugees to work outside camps to fill labor shortage
Thailand has begun issuing work permits to Myanmar refugees, allowing thousands to leave border camps and take jobs across most of the country.
Facing reduced foreign aid and a sudden shortage of migrant labor, Thailand changed policy in October 2025 to let Myanmar refugees work outside the border camps that house over 100,000 people. In its inaugural year, roughly 6,800 refugees have entered the labor market, earning wages such as 400 baht a day on construction projects in Bangkok. The programme is available in 43 provinces and excludes only occupations legally reserved for Thai nationals.
Officials say vocational training has been expanded to prepare participants, and NGOs note the opportunity reduces dependence on aid. However, critics highlight missing employment contracts, low pay, and a lack of clear grievance mechanisms, with some workers reporting debt-inducing deductions. The ministries overseeing the scheme have not responded to requests for comment.
Why it matters
The policy shifts Thailand's refugee approach, impacting regional labor markets and the livelihoods of thousands of displaced Myanmar people.
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